Cabergoline is a dopamine agonist designed to reduce prolactin. In medical circles it is commonly used to combat prolactinomas, a benign tumor of the pituitary gland that may cause an excess production of prolactin. It is also used by athletes who supplement with anabolic steroids that may increase prolactin levels such as Nandrolone and Trenbolone.

Cabergoline, most commonly sold under the brand name Dostinex, is not a new drug as it was first developed in 1981 by the Italian drug manufacture Farmitalia-Carlo Erba Spa. The drug was later acquired by Pharmacia and then found its resting place with Pfizer in 2002

Cabergoline Functions and Traits

As a dopamine agonist, Cabergoline directly correlates with the long acting D2 receptor thereby inhibiting the secretion of prolactin in the body and in turn lowering serum prolactin levels. As a dopamine agnonist, Cabergoline is used to treat Parkinson’s disease, hyperprolactinaemia (abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood), Cushing’s disease and as mentioned prolactinomas.

Cabergoline’s direct function (specifics) is in that it inhibits prolactin secretion in the pituitary’s lactotroph cells. It really is a very simple drug and what’s simpler or perhaps interesting is that the simple medication was discovered almost accidently during experiments with ergot alkaloids

Effects of Cabergoline

There are several positive effects of Cabergoline for both medical and performance athlete purposes as well as those of a sexual nature. For the athlete, primarily the anabolic steroid user, certain steroids can increase prolactin levels in the body. Increased prolactin levels can lead to prolactin induced gynecomastia in individuals who are gynecomastia sensitive. However, more common is excess prolactin levels lowering the individual’s libido and even more commonly resulting in erectile dysfunction (ED). The ED issues that surround prolactin most commonly revolve around the anabolic steroid hormones Trenbolone and Nandrolone. Nandrolone, (Deca Durabolin) it is the prolactin related ED that has lead to the common phrase ‘Deca Dick’ and is the reason many shy away from Nandrolone based steroids. If the individual can limit or even reduce prolactin levels he can avoid the dreaded ‘Deca Dick’ and Cabergoline is often the perfect solution for this issue.

Some athletes also choose to use Cabergoline due to a perceived adrenaline rush caused by an increase in dopamine. How effective this is, such data is inconclusive but many athletes swear by it. The surge can also help with memory and the individual’s ability to push through training without tiring out as quickly. Some athletes also report that the use of Cabergoline helps them stick to their strict diet as the cravings for “Bad Foods” is reduced as they remain with a satisfying feeling due to the increased levels of dopamine in the body.

Sleep, specifically better sleep is also a positive effect of Cabergoline. Many ‘Caber’ users report a deeper and more restful sleep. And then we’re left with the final positive effect of Caber, increased sex drive. When we have sex, specifically referring to ejaculation, the individual’s prolactin levels go up thereby reducing his desire for sex. By supplementing with Cabergoline and reducing serum prolactin levels we regain our desire for sex much faster, and in some cases, may be able to perform repeatedly without or with little rest.

Side Effects of Cabergoline

The most common side effects of Cabergoline are an upset stomach, nausea and possible stomach cramps. Stomach issues are most commonly associated with taking too much Caber and can normally be avoided by proper dosing and taking with food. Other possible side effects of Cabergoline largely surround lowering prolactin too much as we do need some prolactin in our body. This is no different than when taking an Aromatase Inhibitor (AI) to reduce estrogen. Too little estrogen due to too much AI can lead to numerous symptoms. Reduced levels of prolactin at a severe rate can lead to sexual dysfunction, such as ED and/or the inability to orgasm. In women it can lead to the inability to produce breast milk. In both sexes it may result in depression and anxiety.

Other possible side effects of Cabergoline, while not common are possible and may include the following:

Possible Serious Effects (discontinue use)

• Shortness of Breath
• Edema of the Ankles and Feet
• Inability to Urinate
• Lightheaded or Passing Out
• Heavy Coughing
• Rapid Weight Loss

Less Severe but Possible Side Effects

• Headache
• Hot Flashes
• Dry Mouth
• Drowsy
• Nausea
• Indigestion and/or Vomiting

Cabergoline Administration

Cabergoline is most commonly found in oral tablet form but may also be found in oral liquid form from research chemical companies. Most individuals will find 0.25mg taken twice per week to be all the Caber they need with 1mg twice per week being the maximum dose. However, 1mg twice per week, while it may not sound like much is truly a massive dose and far more than most will need. A high dose of Caber will almost always lead to complications. If 0.25mg twice per week does not suffice, in most cases there are other areas in your life that need to be examined. As far as when to take it, Cabergoline is best taken with food during the last meal of the day.

Letrozole is an anti-estrogen of the Aromatase Inhibitor (AI) family and is one of the most potent and powerfully effective of all AI’s. In fact, its potency is sometimes too much for some to handle when used for off label use. Letrozole first gained U.S. FDA approval in 1997 and would hit the market under the brand name Femara through Novartis. Although Femara is the dominating trade name of the AI, unlike most AI’s it is the only one generally known by its chemical name Letrozole far more commonly than its dominating brand name.

Letrozole was first developed in an effort to combat breast cancer in post-menopausal women. In fact, it would prove to be virtually identical to the already popular AI in Arimidex (Anastrozole). While intended for breast cancer treatment, like many AI’s, it has found a welcomed home among anabolic steroid users. Letrozole is one of the most commonly used anti-estrogens among steroid users during steroid use to combat possible estrogenic related side effects. It is so effective as an anti-estrogen in this regard many anabolic steroids have effectively reversed gynecomastia symptoms with Letrozole.

Letrozole Functions & Traits:

Letrozole is an AI, which holds the purpose of blocking the aromatase enzyme, which is in turn responsible for the production of estrogen. By inhibiting estrogen production, this lowers total serum estrogen levels in the body. This will be useful to the breast cancer patient on the basis of such cancer often feeding off the estrogen hormone. It will be beneficial to the anabolic steroid user as excess estrogen often leads to some of the most commonly associated side effects of anabolic steroid use.

Letrozole also carries the ability to increase natural testosterone production through an increase in Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH). There have been physicians who have chosen Letro as it’s often known to treat low testosterone conditions, but this is normally not the preferred method of treatment. Without question, when it comes to low testosterone treatment exogenous testosterone is generally the only thing that makes sense. However, Letrozole can be useful in such a plan in conjunction with exogenous testosterone in order to combat possible side effects. We will look into this in the effects section.

Effects of Letrozole:

Letrozole as an anti-estrogen is extremely beneficial to breast cancer patients. Many forms of breast cancer actively feed off the estrogen hormone. By inhibiting the production of estrogen, which in turn lowers the amount of circulating estrogen in the body, this has the ability to starve the cancer. For years Nolvadex was the preferred form of treatment for this purpose. Nolvadex actively binds to the estrogen receptor, thereby preventing estrogen from binding. However, it does not inhibit or lower production. Nolvadex is still extremely valuable in breast cancer treatment plans, but many physicians, especially in extreme cases have begun to use AI’s first. Once the cancer is in remission, at this stage a SERM like Nolvadex may replace the AI in an effort to protect against the cancer reappearing.

For the anabolic steroid user, the same anti-estrogenic effect provided by Letrozole is tremendously beneficial. Many anabolic steroids have the ability to increase estrogen levels due to testosterone’s interaction with the aromatase enzyme. As estrogen levels rise, this can lead to gynecomastia and excess water retention. If water retention becomes severe, this can in turn promote high blood pressure. While many anabolic steroids have the ability to aromatize and promote an increase in estrogen, not all anabolic steroids carry this ability. However, many common steroids carry this ability including Methandrostenolone (Dianabol) as well as all forms of testosterone. The Nandrolone (Deca Durabolin, Durabolin, NPP, etc.) and Boldenone (Equipoise) hormone also carry the ability to aromatize to a degree. Nandrolone will aromatize at approximately 20% the rate of testosterone and Boldenone at approximately 50%. While both aromatize significantly less than testosterone, it is enough to promote estrogenic related side effects. The probability is increased with Nandrolone as it carries a strong progestin nature. Progesterone has the ability to stimulate the estrogenic mechanism and can lead to gynecomastia. AI’s like Letrozole can be useful when using all the aforementioned steroids.

By including Letrozole in a cycle that contains aromatizing anabolic steroids, this can prevent the estrogenic related side effects. This will protect the individual from gynecomastia and water retention. Further, while many steroids can promote high blood pressure despite aromatization, an AI will improve the individual’s odds when water retention is the culprit. Heavy excess water retention is normally the number one cause of high blood pressure among steroid users.

Undeniably, AI’s like Letrozole are the most effect means at combating estrogenic related side effects. However, they can also have a negative impact on cholesterol. Alone AI’s do not appear to have a strong, negative effect on cholesterol, but when coupled with an aromatizing steroid like testosterone the adverse cholesterol effect is enhanced. For this reason, many will find SERM’s like Tamoxifen Citrate (Nolvadex) should be their first choice in estrogen protection. SERM’s will not negatively affect cholesterol; in fact, SERM’s, while anti-estrogenic, actively act as estrogens in the liver, and in turn, promote healthier cholesterol levels. We’ll look at this in more detail in the side effect section, and while Letrozole can be used without an adverse cholesterol effect, it will take some effort on your part.

With its ability to promote natural testosterone production, Letrozole is often an appealing choice for Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) plans. This can also make it appealing for low testosterone treatment, but it’s often not enough. However, for PCT purposes, while it can be effective it’s generally not recommended. The primary purpose of PCT is stimulating natural testosterone production, which Letrozole can do very well. However, part of the purpose of PCT is also normalization, which will be difficult with severely suppressed estrogen levels. Estrogen is an important hormone as it promotes a stronger immune system and healthier cholesterol levels. For the anabolic steroid user, his best bet for PCT is sticking with SERM’s for his natural testosterone production needs.

Side Effects of Letrozole:

The side effects of Letrozole will cover a wide breadth and will be very similar to Arimidex. Both weakness and fatigue are two of the most common side effects of Letrozole use. However, for the anabolic steroid user this will normally not be an issue. The use of anabolic steroids should prevent such states so as long as estrogen suppression isn’t taken too far. The exception would be its use during a hard bodybuilding contest prep cycle. During a harsh bodybuilding diet, the individual will normally be very weak and fatigue at the end of his diet due to tremendously intense training and very low caloric intake. Beyond possible energy issues, the most common side effects of Letrozole use include:

• Headaches
• High Blood Pressure
• Hot Flashes
• Joint Pain
• Depression

Letrozole has also been shown to have the ability to notably decrease bone mineral content, which could increase the risk of osteoporosis. This should, however, not be a big risk for the anabolic steroid as most steroids have the ability to promote bone mineral content to a degree, especially Nandrolone. As with all medications and anything we put into our body, the side effects of Letrozole will largely surround possible and not guaranteed. We are all different and respond to varying substances differently. This is something you need to keep in mind, and if the side effects of Letrozole prove to be too much to handle, alternative medications should be looked at.

The final side effect of Letrozole surrounds cholesterol, specifically a reduction in HDL cholesterol. Alone it does not appear to have a strong, statistical impact, but for the anabolic steroid user this can be a concern. Many anabolic steroids already have the ability to negatively affect cholesterol, and when conjoined with an AI it appears to be greatly exasperated. Studies have shown that therapeutic doses of testosterone have very little negative effect on cholesterol but the same doses can suppress HDL cholesterol by as much as 25% when combined with an AI. When testosterone is administered at a supraphysiological level, a minimal level of HDL suppression is normally expected. When the same dosing level is conjoined with an AI data shows that a 20% or greater suppression of HDL cholesterol is a very real possibility.

Due to the possible adverse effects on cholesterol, especially for the anabolic steroid user, a cholesterol friendly lifestyle becomes imperative. A healthy lifestyle will greatly revolve around your diet. Simple sugars and saturated fats should be limited and omega fatty acids should be a large part of your diet. Daily fish oil supplementation is recommended. Many may also find a cholesterol antioxidant supplement to be useful. Further, implementing plenty of cardiovascular activity into your routine is very important. Some type of daily cardiovascular activity is advised.

Because of the potential cholesterol issues, many anabolic steroid users will need to use SERM’s to combat estrogenic side effects when possible. SERM’s won’t always get the job done, but they can work and will work a lot better than many steroid users believe. If an AI is needed, some have suggested that a daily dose of Nolvadex at 10mg per day with your AI could help protect cholesterol levels due to SERM’s actively promoting healthier cholesterol levels.

Letrozole Administration:

In the treatment of breast cancer, the standard Letrozole dose will normally be 2.5mg per day. This is an extremely potent dose and will normally be administered until the cancer subsides. In many cases, at the point of remission the patient will switch from Letrozole to Nolvadex in a preventative treatment plan scenario.

For the anabolic steroid user, Letrozole doses will normally be much lower. Even with the use of anabolic steroids, a 2.5mg dosing will normally be too high and could potentially drain the individual of energy; in fact, it’s almost guaranteed. The only exception we could make for such a dose would be to combat early gynecomastia symptoms. If symptoms begin to show 7-14 days at a dose of 2.5mg per day can reverse the symptoms. Once symptoms begin to fade away the individual should be able to tapper down to a more manageable dose and maintain it for the remainder of the cycle. If this doesn’t work there’s a good chance the symptoms have already set in beyond remedy. When this happens the only thing that will remove your gynecomastia is surgery. For standard estrogenic related protection, most men will find 0.5-1mg every other day to be more than enough. When used as an anti-estrogen in low testosterone treatment plans, even less may be needed. For the competitive bodybuilder, the final 7-14 days before competition, a full 1mg per day leading up to the show can be a solid dose and will greatly help with dryness and a tighter look. This is, however, not a dose most would want to maintain for an extended period of time as it can be harsh.

(4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone)

Oral Turinabol is somewhat of a unique anabolic steroid. Specifically, Oral Turinabol is a cross between Methandrostenolone and Clostebol. This provides a steroid with powerful anabolic action while at the same time minimizing androgenic characteristics. Oral Turinabol also carries somewhat of an interesting history behind it.

Oral Turinabol was first released by Jenapharm out of East Germany in 1962. The steroid would enjoy a very high safety rating for decades not only among men but in women and even children in a therapeutic setting. This steroid was proven to be very effective in the effort to build or protect lean mass and bone mass without severe complications. However, Oral Turinabol would gain worldwide attention in the 1990’s when the East German steroid scandal became public knowledge.

From 1974 to 1989 what would be known as the East German Doping Machine had been successful in administering anabolic steroids to its Olympic athletes. Not only were they cheating but they were getting away with it as steroids like Oral Turinabol were, at the time, undetectable. State Plan Research Theme 14.25 as it was officially known would also make use of epitestosterone during this period in order to skew testosterone readings in drug testing.

When Oral Turinabol was discovered as being an integral part of the East German scandal Jenapharm would discontinue the product in 1994. Two years later the pharmaceutical powerhouse out of Germany Schering, makers of such steroids as Primobolan, Testoviron and Proviron would acquire Jenapharm but chose not to bring Oral Turinabol back to the market. Since that time this anabolic steroid has never been manufactured by a true pharmaceutical compounding entity and has become a strictly black market underground anabolic steroid.

Oral Turinabol Functions & Traits:

Oral Turinabol, officially known as 4-chlorodehydromethyltestosterone is basically a structurally altered form of Dianabol (Methandrostenolone), which itself is a derivative of testosterone. The structural makeup of Oral Turinabol is very simple. The compound is simply the testosterone hormone with an added double bond at carbon 1 and 2, which alters the anabolic to androgenic ratio in favor of anabolic. It also carries an added Chloro group at carbon 4, which inhibits the hormone from aromatizing and further reduces its androgenic nature. The final change is an added methyl group at the 17^th carbon position, which protects the hormone through oral administration. This final change officially classifies Oral Turinabol as a C17-alpha alkylated (C17-aa) anabolic androgenic steroid.

On a functional basis the traits of Oral Turinabol are very simple. Like most anabolic steroids it should have a positive impact on protein synthesis and nitrogen retention, as well as in increasing red blood cell count. These traits are all important as they enhance the anabolic atmosphere of the individual. Protein synthesis in that protein is the primary building block of muscle and synthesis representing the rate by which cells build proteins, and nitrogen retention in that it represents an important part of lean tissue composition. A deficiency in nitrogen will lead to a catabolic state, where as a higher amount retained will promote a more favorable anabolic atmosphere. Then we have red blood cells, which are responsible for carrying oxygen to and through the blood. More red blood cells will equate to greater blood oxygenation, which in turn will equate to greater muscular endurance. All of these traits will also be tremendously beneficial in terms of the body’s ability to recover.

While the protein, nitrogen and red blood cells traits are present, they are not as pronounced in Oral Turinabol as they might be with many other steroids. But they are still notable and quite beneficial. However, the steroid will promote such traits with a milder nature in that it lacks the ability to aromatize and carries such mild androgenic activity. This can be very beneficial to the individual who while he needs to make progress he needs to keep it as clean as possible.

The mild nature of Oral Turinabol makes it very appealing but there is another trait that greatly enhances its worthwhile. This steroid has the ability to significantly reduce Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG). It doesn’t carry this ability as strongly as a few other steroids but it is still more than notable. This reduction in SHBG allows for more active and available free testosterone. Perhaps more importantly, it keeps the other steroids you may be using from falling into a bound state. Basically the individual should be able to get more out of the other steroids being used without a need for increasing the dose simply due to the synergy created by Oral Turinabol.

Effects of Oral Turinabol:

Without question the effects of Oral Turinabol will be most valuable to the athlete and by athlete we actually mean athlete. We’re not talking about the bodybuilder or gym rat that lives like one but rather someone who competes in a competitive sport of physical skill. The use of Oral Turinabol will significantly promote muscular endurance, they won’t tire out as fast and their overall rate of recovery should be greatly improved. As the season wanes on, they should also find they have taken less of a beating and are closer to the physical peak they enjoyed at the beginning of the season. This would not occur without the anabolic protectant nature. The athlete should also find his strength is noticeably improved upon. Yes, he should be stronger, which can directly translate into physical power and speed. No, it will not create the athlete, it will not create athletic ability, affect coordination or turn a sloth into a star, but it will enhance the existing athlete within. If it wasn’t phenomenal for this purpose you can bet the East Germans wouldn’t have been using it and successfully so for nearly two decades.

In a direct physical sense, as an off-season bulking steroid Oral Turinabol is not what we’d label phenomenal. It’s not going to pack a ton of mass on anyone’s frame but it can provide some decent growth. You will definitely grow more when using Dianabol or Anadrol, and it’s not going to build mass like Deca Durabolin, but it should still be notable and clean. Remember, as it doesn’t aromatize all weight gained due to use will be lean mass. Due to its ability to reduce SHBG, this could also make the other steroids you’re taking, such as Deca Durabolin far more valuable during your off-season use.

As a cutting agent, Oral Turinabol can be a decent steroid. It’s probably a little more valuable in the cutting phase than in a true off-season cycle. The steroid will provide solid protection against lean tissue loss and a lot of users often report an increase in hardness. How much hardness will it provide? This is a tough question to answer but it’s not going to be near the level of Winstrol or Masteron and most certainly not near the level provided by Trenbolone. However, the lean tissue protection and increases in endurance and recovery can prove invaluable during this phase of training. Many find this is a great steroid to use at the frontend of a long cutting cycle and then once a little leaner to switch over to more powerful hardening agents.

Side Effects of Oral Turinabol:

We can say with confidence that the side effects of Oral Turinabol are some of the mildest of any anabolic steroid on earth. However, we will also find that it can have a strong, negative impact on cardiovascular health. This should be controllable for the healthy adult but it will be something you need to keep an eye on. Both men and women will be able to use this steroid. This is not our first choice in female use, but it is a viable option. In order to help you understand the possible side effects of Oral Turinabol we have broken them down into their separate categories along with all the information you’ll need.

[1] Estrogenic:

The side effects of Oral Turinabol do not include any of an estrogenic nature. This steroid does not aromatize and carries no progestin related traits making side effects like gynecomastia and excess water retention impossible. This should also greatly reduce the risk of high blood pressure as high blood pressure due to steroid use is most commonly linked to severe water retention.

[2] Androgenic:

On a structural basis Oral Turinabol appears to carry no androgenic activity but the total information we have at our disposal is inconclusive. As the steroid is no longer manufactured legitimately and probably never will be again, more than likely its androgenic nature may always remain a slight mystery. However, we do know that it displays very little androgenic activity but we cannot say as some have attempted to say that it doesn’t posses any. Androgenic side effects of Oral Turinabol are possible, although unlikely. Such side effects may include acne, accelerated hair loss in those predisposed to male pattern baldness and body hair growth. Such effects will be highly dependent on genetics but the androgenic effects will not be affected by inhibitors. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors will have little effect on this steroid’s androgenicity as it is not significantly metabolized by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme.

When looking at the androgenic side effects of Oral Turinabol, the most concerning will be female virilization symptoms. Women can use this steroid without virilization, but the dose must be kept low or virilization will absolutely occur. Virilization symptoms include a deepening of the vocal chords, body hair growth and clitoral enlargement. If such symptoms begin to show, discontinue use immediately and they will fade away. If such symptoms are ignored it is possible that they may become irreversible.

[3] Cardiovascular:

Oral Turinabol can have a significant impact on cholesterol in increasing LDL levels (bad cholesterol) and suppressing/reducing HDL levels (good cholesterol). This negative effect on cholesterol will carry a stronger probability than with just about any injectable steroid you could use. Further, while we wouldn’t necessarily call it the unfriendliest oral steroid in this category it is far from the friendliest.

If you suffer from high cholesterol you should not use this steroid. If you cannot live a cholesterol friendly lifestyle and actually give it some attention you should not use this steroid. For those who are disciplined enough for use, ensure your diet is low in saturated fats and simple sugars. Also ensure your diet is rich in omega fatty acids. A large amount of fish oils daily is advised. It’s also a good idea to consider a cholesterol antioxidant and always include plenty of cardiovascular training into your routine. If you’re a healthy adult and you do these things, unless there is an underlying issue you shouldn’t run into any problems.

[4] Testosterone:

Oral Turinabol is suppressive to natural testosterone and should be used in conjunction with exogenous testosterone. Men who use Oral Turinabol without exogenous testosterone will risk a low testosterone condition. Such a condition can come with a host of possible symptoms ranging from physical, mental and sexually related. However, while physical related symptoms are unlikely when steroids are being used the others are a very real possibility.

Once the use of Oral Turinabol comes to an end natural testosterone production will begin again on its own. However, natural levels will still be very low and it will take a large amount of time to recover proper or healthy levels. For this reason most men are encouraged to implement a Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) plan once the use of anabolic steroids is discontinued. This will greatly speed up the recovery process and protect your lean tissue. Without a PCT plan it is possible for cortisol to become dominant for a period of time, destroy muscle tissue and promote fat gain. While a PCT plan will promote recovery, it will not return you to normal on its own. There is no PCT plan on earth that has this ability. However, a well planned PCT will speed up the process and ensure you have enough testosterone for proper bodily function while your levels continue to naturally rise.

There are a few important notes on natural recovery, the primary being that no low testosterone condition existed prior to anabolic steroid use. Further, natural recovery assumes no severe damage was done to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular-Axis (HPTA) through improper anabolic steroid use. As a final note, women have no need to supplement with exogenous testosterone when using Oral Turinabol.

[5] Hepatotoxic:

As a C17-aa anabolic steroid, Oral Turinabol is hepatotoxic. Liver enzyme values will increase with use due to the stress it will place on the liver. However, it’s important to remember an increase in enzyme values does not automatically equate to damage, but it is an indicator of stress. This is not the most hepatotoxic C17-aa steroid at our disposal but it is far from the mildest. With proper use it is more than possible to avoid any liver damage, but this will require responsible use.

If you already suffer from any liver related issues, you should not supplement with Oral Turinabol. If you are healthy enough for use, you should ensure you do all you can to promote a healthy liver. First and foremost, avoid all excess alcohol consumption when using this steroid. Heavy consumption will present even more stress to the liver and greatly increase the potential for damage. In fact, avoiding all alcohol during use isn’t the worst idea. Always keep in mind alcohol is perhaps the most anti-performance substance on earth and your very reason for supplementing with Oral Turinabol is to promote performance.

Beyond alcohol regulation, avoiding all over the counter medications when possible is highly advised. Many over the counter medications are quite hepatotoxic and should be limited to when only absolutely necessary. The use of a liver detoxification supplement is also advised when using Oral Turinabol.

If the individual does these things and had a healthy liver to begin with, although enzyme values will rise during use they should return to normal shortly after use is discontinued. The liver carries some of the most remarkable rejuvenation characteristics of any organ in the body and if proper steps are followed and no underlying issues exist no damage should be done.

Oral Turinabol Administration:

Standard male Oral Turinabol doses will normally be in the 15-40mg per day range. This is obviously a wide gap in total dosing, but a mere 15-20mg per day can provide some nice effects. This can provide significant synergy between the other anabolic steroids being used as well as promote recovery and endurance. For a true anabolic benefit, most men will find Oral Turinabol doses in the 40mg per day range to be far more beneficial. Total use will normally fall in the 6-8 week range and should not surpass 8 weeks for any reason in order to minimize the hepatic strain. It is also advised that no other C17-aa steroid be used for at least 6-8 weeks after discontinuing Oral Turinabol. Men will also find Oral Turinabol stacks well with any and all anabolic steroids but should not be used in conjunction with another C17-aa steroid.

Standard female Oral Turinabol doses will normally fall in the 2.5-5mg per day range. Virilization is highly unlikely with such doses but is almost assured with doses that surpass 5mg per day. Keep in mind due to individual sensitivity some women may experience virilization symptoms even in the 2.5-5mg range. If this is the case use should be discontinued immediately. Total use should be kept in the 4-6 week range. This should be a safe dose that presents minimal virilization probability. Other steroids that can be included in female plans could include Anavar or Primobolan Depot but Anavar should not be used at the same time as Oral Turinabol due to its similar C17-aa nature.

(Methyldrostanolone)

Superdrol is an anabolic steroid that carries a bit of a unique history compared to many anabolic steroids. Superdrol itself is merely a brand name of an over the counter anabolic steroid sold as a pro hormone or nutritional supplement by Anabolic Extreme. While an anabolic steroid, the active hormone Methyldrostanolone had never been placed on the controlled substance list in the U.S. and in 2005 it would hit the shelves of most major supplement companies and enjoyed massive success. However, in 2006 due to tremendous FDA pressure Superdrol would be discontinued. While the Superdrol brand was short lived, over the counter and black market Methyldrostanolone would continue to appear around the world until mid-2012. In 2012 Methyldrostanolone would be placed on the U.S. controlled substance list and classified as a Schedule III controlled substance along with all anabolic steroids.

Methyldrostanolone or Superdrol, while it did not appear on the market until 2005 is not a new anabolic steroid. Syntex first created the Methyldrostanolone hormone in 1959 at the same time as Drostanolone (Masteron) and Oxymetholone (Anadrol). However, the Methyldrostanolone hormone never received a pharmaceutical push like the other two hormones. The exception would be its inclusion in Dimethazine; a compound that metabolically dissolved and converted to Methyldrostanolone post administration. As we dive into the Superdrol compound, as you may have already guessed we will find it is very similar to Drostanolone or the popular anabolic steroid Masteron.

Superdrol Functions & Traits:

Superdrol is an anabolic androgenic steroid comprised of the active steroidal hormone Methyldrostanolone. This is a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) derived anabolic steroid or more specifically a structurally altered form of Drostanolone. Superdrol is simply the Drostanolone hormone with an added methyl group at the 17^th carbon position that allows the hormone to survive oral ingestion and officially classifies it as a C17-alpha alkylated (C17-aa) anabolic steroid. It also carries an added methyl group at the carbon two position, which greatly increases its anabolic power. These slight alterations will also reduce Superdrol’s androgenicity compared to Masteron, which isn’t all that androgenic to begin with.

On a structural basis, Superdrol carries an anabolic rating of 400; nearly four times that of Masteron. It will also carry an androgenic rating of 20, which is extremely mild. This is a non-aromatizing anabolic steroid carrying no estrogenic or progesterone activity.

When looking at the traits of Superdrol, there is nothing all that remarkable about this steroid compared to many others. The mere fact that it enjoyed years of grey legality is truly the only remarkable attribute. This isn’t to take away from the steroid’s ability, but is merely stated to clear up any confusion or misguided notions. Superdrol will notably enhance protein synthesis and nitrogen retention. Protein synthesis refers to the rate by which cells build proteins and nitrogen represents a key component in muscle tissue composition. The enhancement in both areas promotes a stronger anabolic atmosphere enabling the individual to build more lean tissue or preserve it during a calorie restricted state. The hormone will also significantly increase red blood cell count providing greater muscular endurance. This is due to red blood cells being responsible for carrying oxygen to and through the blood and the increase in cells providing greater blood oxygenation.

Effects of Superdrol:

When looking at the effects of Superdrol, the best way to describe the steroid as is a total body transforming product. Through its marketing campaign it was touted as being a more powerful mass builder than Anadrol, hence the name Superdrol; a play on words “Super Anadrol.” However, athletes who have used both will attest the effects of Superdrol will in no way lead to mass gains even comparable to Anadrol. However, significant gains in lean tissue can be made so as long as adequate calories are consumed. A gain of 5-10lbs is more than possible and will not be accompanied by the water retention Anadrol often brings. The individual should also find he is able to make cleaner off-season gains due to the effects of Superdrol promoting a stronger metabolism. This is not to say body fat cannot be gained, but you should be able to make better use of your caloric surplus when Superdrol is in play.

The effects of Superdrol can also be very beneficial to the dieting athlete as a cutting steroid. This compound will greatly preserve lean tissue during a caloric deficit, a key component to successful dieting. In order to lose body fat we must burn more calories than we consume. This puts lean tissue at risk as the body will take what it needs to meet its energy demands from anywhere it can get it. Due to the body’s natural survival instinct, it will often take energy from muscle tissue rather than body fat. The key to successful dieting is ensuring that not only is fat lost but the lean tissue we hold is preserved. The effects of Superdrol will ensure this goal is met. Through the effects of Superdrol the individual should also notice greatly improved conditioning in terms of a dryer, harder look. This isn’t all that surprising when we consider this steroid is in many ways oral Masteron, a steroid well known for promoting such traits.

Regardless of your reason for use, bulking or cutting, the effects of Superdrol will improve recovery and muscular endurance. We cannot call it the strongest steroid in this regard but the improvements will be significant, and as with all steroids the most important. You will not tire out as fast allowing for work to be done at a maximal level for longer periods of time. This does not mean training time frames need to be increased, but rather they become more efficient. The entire point behind anabolic steroid use is to take what you’re already doing right and to simply do it better. Then we have recovery, and this is where the effects of Superdrol as with many anabolic steroids become invaluable. Recovery is where progress is made. Progress isn’t actually made in the gym when training. When training we are actually tearing our muscle tissue down, and when we recover this is where it is built, repaired and becomes stronger.

Side Effects of Superdrol:

There are possible side effects of Superdrol all users must be aware of. This is not what we’d label an unfriendly anabolic steroid, but the possible side effects of Superdol can be potentially problematic in a few key areas. Those with high cholesterol or existing liver issues must not use this anabolic steroid. If you are healthy enough for use, you will need to put in a good bit of effort into controlling these areas of your health. In order to help you understand the possible side effects of Superdrol, we have broken them down into their separate categories along with all the information you’ll need.

• Estrogenic: The side effects of Superdrol do not include any of an estrogenic nature. Gynecomastia and water retention will be impossible with this steroid. An anti-estrogen is not necessary due to the use of Methyldrostanolone.
• Androgenic: The side effects of Superdrol can include those of an androgenic nature. However, due to a low androgenic nature the threshold for such effects should be fairly high with most men. Possible androgenic side effects of Superdrol include acne, hair loss in those predisposed to male pattern baldness and body hair growth. These effects are highly dependent on genetic predispositions, but even if sensitive you will not be able to reduce the androgenicity of this hormone. The Methyldrostanolone hormone is not metabolized by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme making 5-alpha reductase inhibitors like Finasteride useless with this steroid.The androgenic nature of Superdrol can also promote virilization in women. Such side effects of Superdrol include body hair growth, a deepening of the vocal chords and clitoral enlargement. Despite carrying a low androgenic nature the translating androgenic activity in women does appear to be stronger than its rating would imply. Use without virilization is possible, but it will take very low doses. Most women will find other anabolic steroids like Oxandrolone (Anavar) to be better choices. If a female athlete decides to try Superdrol, if virilization symptoms begin to show it should be discontinued immediately. If use is discontinued at the onset of symptoms they will fade away rapidly. If the symptoms are ignored and use continues, they may become irreversible.
• Cardiovascular: The side effects of Superdrol in this category can be some of the most concerning of all. The Methyldrostanolone hormone can have a strong, negative impact on lipids by significantly lowering HDL cholesterol (good cholesterol) and increasing LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol). Despite carrying no estrogenic activity, therefore no water retention, Methyltestosterone may also have a negative impact on blood pressure. However, cholesterol issues are far more likely than blood pressure, but both are possible.Due to the possible cardiovascular issues created by Superdrol, a healthy lifestyle will be imperative. Those with high blood pressure or cholesterol should not supplement with this steroid. If you are healthy enough for use a blood pressure and cholesterol friendly lifestyle will be imperative. The individual’s diet should be rich in omega fatty acids; daily fish oil supplementation is highly advised. The individual should also strictly limit saturated fats and simple sugars and ensure he implements daily cardiovascular activity into his routine. The use of a cholesterol antioxidant supplement is also highly advised.
• Testosterone: The side effects of Superdrol will include natural testosterone suppression in all men who use the steroid, and it will be significant. The use of exogenous testosterone is advised. Those who do not include exogenous testosterone of some form with their Superdrol use will place their body in a low testosterone state. The form of testosterone you choose is inconsequential, all that matters is your body receives the testosterone it needs as this hormone is essential to a healthy a properly functioning body.Once the use of Superdrol has come to an end and all exogenous hormones have cleared the system natural testosterone production will begin again. However, levels will still be low and most are encouraged to implement a Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) program. A PCT program will stimulate natural testosterone production, which will protect your physique as well as your overall health. It will also greatly cut down the total time to recovery. A PCT plan will not return your testosterone levels back to normal on its own, this will take some time, but it will ensure you have enough testosterone for proper bodily function.

  An important note on natural testosterone recovery – natural testosterone recovery assumes no damage was done to the body due to improper supplementation practices. It also assumes there was no prior existing low testosterone condition.

• Hepatotoxicity: Superdol, like all C17-aa anabolic steroids, is hepatotoxic and can potentially stress and damage the liver. Use must not be undertaken if the liver isn’t healthy. During use, liver enzyme values will increase in all who use this steroid. However, an increase in liver enzyme values does not equate to damage but is rather an indicator of stress. However, it will lead to damage if possible precautions are not followed. All who supplement with Superdrol must follow the following recommendations:
  • No other C17-aa steroids should be used during Superdrol use.
  • Excess alcohol consumption must be avoided. Heavy alcohol consumption is tremendously stressful to the liver on its own, and with Superdrol use this will lead to severe liver stress and greatly exasperate the probability of liver damage. Most are encouraged to avoid all alcohol consumption during use of this steroid. Keep in mind, the only reason to use this steroid is for performance purposes, and not only will the added alcohol damage your health there is no substance as anti-performance as alcohol.
  • Over the counter medications should be avoided at all times when possible. Many over the counter medications are hepatotoxic, and in many cases, just as if not more than many anabolic steroids. Use should be limited to when only absolutely necessary.
  • Total use should not exceed eight weeks and most will find a total time frame of six weeks to be best. No C17-aa steroids including Superdrol should be used for at least 6-8 weeks post Superdrol use, and a longer time frame of no use will be healthier.
  • The use of a liver detoxification supplement is highly advised when using Superdrol.

  If you can follow the above guidelines it will be possible to protect your liver’s health, but you will need to keep an eye on it. All who supplement with Superdrol are strongly encouraged to keep a close eye on their blood pressure, cholesterol and liver health.

Superdrol Administration:

Standard male Superdrol doses will fall in the 10-20mg per day range for 6-8 weeks. This will equate to 1-2 capsules per day taken with food. Those who enjoy a high level of toleration can consider 30mg per day their next go around with the steroid, but this is not advised for most. Doses of 30mg per day or more will greatly stress the liver and caution is strongly advised.

Superdrol stacks well with most all anabolic steroid. A simple stack of Superdrol and some form of testosterone is most common and will greatly benefit any bulking or cutting plan. During bulking phases, additional Nandrolone is a very common part of the stack, as is Trenbolone during a cutting phase. There is no reason any man could not enjoy success with such plans.

Fluoxymesterone is an extremely powerful anabolic androgenic steroid that was first released in the late 1950’s by Upjohn under the trade name Halotestin. Shortly after, Ciba Pharmaceuticals would release the hormone under the Ultandren name, but Halotestin has remained the most recognizable brand name. Pharmacia, formerly Upjohn, now manufactures the Halotestin brand name.

When Halotestin first hit the market, it was touted as holding numerous therapeutic benefits. This extremely potent anabolic steroid was prescribed for the treatment of muscle wasting, androgen deficiency in men, lean tissue repair, malnutrition, and for healing bone fractures. It would also be regularly used to treat prolonged exposure to cortisone, paraplegia, breast cancer and often given to burn victims. Unlike many anabolic steroids, Halotestin was regularly prescribed to men and women, and while its modern day use is somewhat limited it is still used to treat breast cancer in some women. The hormone is still used to treat androgen deficiencies in some men, but it’s rare and is approved for osteoporosis treatment in some postmenopausal women.

In the world of performance enhancement, Halotestin holds a reputation of being one of the most powerful and fast acting steroids on the market. However, it’s not one a lot of steroid users will use. This steroid will not build a lot of mass despite a massive anabolic rating; in fact, it really won’t do much at all for mass promotion. This is a steroid that is generally known as a raw strength steroid, but Halotestin is also found in some cutting cycles. It’s not too uncommon for some bodybuilders to supplement with Halotestin the last few weeks before a competition. It can produce some nice conditioning effects, as well as really aid in pushing through the end of a brutal diet. However, the side effects of this steroid are no joking matter, they can be pretty harsh, and that will keep most people away.

Halotestin Function & Traits:

Fluoxymesterone is a testosterone derived anabolic androgenic steroid or more specifically a structurally altered form of Methyltestosterone. Halotestin is the testosterone hormone with an added methyl group at the 17^th carbon position to allow oral ingestion. It also possesses an added fluoro group at carbon 9 and 3 and a hydroxyl group at carbon 11. These modifications inhibit the steroid’s aromatization and greatly increase its androgenic nature. The androgenic nature and activity of Halotestin will be far beyond Methyltestosterone.

By its structural design, Halotestin carries an anabolic rating of 1,900 and an androgenic rating of 850. All ratings are measured against pure testosterone, which carries a rating of 100 in both categories. This means Halo as it’s often known carries ratings that are almost beyond reason, but its anabolic rating is tremendously deceiving. While it carries a massive anabolic rating, its anabolic translation in human beings appears to be near zero. This steroid simply doesn’t translate into any notable anabolic effect and will primarily function by androgenic activity.

Halotestin carries with it some tremendously powerful effects, some of the most powerful revolving around red blood cells. Halo has he ability to greatly increase hematocrit and hemoglobin levels as well as red blood cell mass. It also appears to act through cells that are already committed to erythropoietin response. These effects are largely responsible for the strength effects promoted, as well as the increased level of energy the steroid can provide.

Halotestin also carries with it strong fat loss effects. Halo has the ability to promote the regulation of fatty acid oxidation in the liver, as well as fast-twitch muscle mitochondria. Through these taits as well as the red blood cell interaction, we have a steroid that can have a pronounced effect on visual conditioning aspects in an individual who is already fairly lean.

Effects of Halotestin:

The effects of Halotestin, while tremendously powerful do not represent what we’d label a truly versatile anabolic steroid. This steroid carries very specific points of use, and while it can be beneficial the potential side effects will make it unnecessary for most men. The primary effects of Halotestin revolve around strength and aggression. The issue of aggression and anabolic steroids is often blown out of proportion, but in the case of Halo it truly can enhance an aggressive nature. This in turn can cause the athlete to push harder and be even stronger. While it can enhance aggression there are some important things to keep in mind. Halotestin cannot alter your personality, take away your ability to distinguish between right and wrong or alter your decision making process. It can give the individual a stronger, aggressive nature, but what one does with aggression determines if it’s right or wrong. Aggression in of itself is not a bad thing, it can be a very positive tool; what we do with aggression determines if it’s right or wrong. For the individual who is naturally violent and angry, the use of Halotestin will make him a more aggressive jerk. For the sane individual, he’ll have more aggression to put in the gym or in a competition.

Due to the strength and aggression promotion, this makes Halotestin a popular steroid among power lifter, strength athletes and fighters shortly before competition. A few weeks of use leading up to competition is very common, and the boost in strength can potentially be greater than any other anabolic steroid could provide. This same strength and aggression can also be useful to the competitive bodybuilder a few weeks out from his show. Competitive bodybuilding dieting is brutal and perhaps the hardest way to diet on earth. Towards the end most become extremely drained and have a very difficult time pushing through their training. Adding in Halotestin those last few weeks can help push them through this extremely difficult time. It will also provide the individual with a much harder and more defined look; however, there’s an important note. While Halo can greatly improve visually related conditioning, you must be extremely lean, contest bodybuilding lean to really get anything out of it. Most steroid users will never see this level of leanness and there will be no beneficial purpose of use to them.

This largely sums up the effects of Halotestin regarding beneficial effects. The steroid is not a mass building steroid, and it’s not one that’s used as a foundational steroid in any cycle. This is a short-term use steroid that carries specific benefits for specific purposes. In a therapeutic setting, while it is approved for some points of treatment, it has become exceedingly rare.

Side Effects of Halotestin:

Halotestin is not a devastating steroid when it comes to potential adverse effects, there are far worse compounds. However, it’s not a compound we can call extremely user friendly, especially when we consider its hepatotoxicity and potential effects on cardiovascular health. For this reason, most will need to stay away from the compound. It is possible to use Halotestin without problems, but it will take some effort and largely doesn’t warrant use based on its limited purposes of use. In order to understand the side effects of Halotestin and all you can do to afford protection, we have broken them down into their separate categories along with all you need to know.

[1] Estrogenic:

Although a testosterone derived anabolic steroid, Halotestin does not aromatize and will not produce estrogenic related side effects. Water retention and gynecomastia are impossible with this steroid. The concurrent use of an anti-estrogen with Halotestin will present no benefit. An anti-estrogen may be needed depending on the other compounds in the cycle, but it is not necessary due to Halotestin use.

[2] Androgenic:

Halo is an extraordinarily androgenic steroid, and as a result, the side effects of Halotestin can surround a strong androgenic nature. This can include acne, accelerated hair loss in those predisposed to male pattern baldness and body hair growth. While such effects are strongly dependent on individual response and genetic predispositions, the androgenic power of Halo greatly increases the odds. This power is so great, some studies have suggested that Fluoxymesterone may actually promote phallic enlargement.

Halotestin is greatly affected by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme, the same enzyme responsible for the reduction of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. For this reason, the use of a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor such as Finasteride may reduce the related androgenic side effects of Halotestin. Such use will not completely subdue this steroid’s androgenic activity, but it could potentially reduce it. However, those who are strongly susceptible to androgenic side effects will probably need to forgo this steroid’s use.

Due to its extreme androgenic nature, the side effects of Halotestin can be extreme in women promoting strong virilization symptoms. Virilization symptoms include body hair growth, a deepening of the vocal chords and clitoral enlargement. The effects are so strong the odds of avoiding virilization will be impossible for most women. The only time Halo could be recommended for female use is in the treatment of androgen sensitive inoperable breast cancer. This steroid has no place in performance enhancing cycles of female athletes.

[3] Cardiovascular:

Halotestin can have a strong, negative impact on cardiovascular health, especially regarding cholesterol management. This can include significant increases in LDL cholesterol and significant suppression of HDL cholesterol. This is largely due to its hepatic nature revolving around its resistance to the liver. Halotestin may also lead to high blood pressure and negatively affect triglyceride levels. Such issues in a long-term capacity could lead to left ventricle hypertrophy. Due to the negative cardiovascular effects of Halo, long-term exposure could increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

If Halotestin is to be used, it is imperative that the individual does not suffer from high cholesterol or blood pressure. If the individual is healthy enough for use, it is further imperative he does all he can to promote the continuation of healthy levels and keep a close eye on them. Management should include an extremely healthy lifestyle, a diet rich in omega fatty acids and one that is overall cholesterol friendly. The overall diet should also be limited in simple sugars and saturated fats, and should be conjoined with regular cardiovascular activity. Many will also find supplementing with antioxidant supplements that promote healthy cholesterol levels to be very valuable.

[4] Testosterone:

The side effects of Halotestin include natural testosterone suppression, and it will be extreme. However, the reason for suppression is a bit of a mystery with this steroid due to an inconsistent suppression of gonadotropins. Despite this fact, it will suppress natural testosterone production significantly, making the inclusion of exogenous testosterone necessary for most men. Those who do not include exogenous testosterone therapy will fall into a low testosterone condition. This will occur regardless of genetic superiority and can come with a host of bothersome symptoms. Regardless of the severity of symptoms, low testosterone is an extremely unhealthy state. Those who include exogenous testosterone will avoid this low level outcome. The form of testosterone you choose is inconsequential. All that matters is that you provide your body with what it needs.

Once the use of Halotestin comes to an end and all exogenous steroidal hormones have cleared the system, natural testosterone production will begin again. Natural recovery assumes no prior low level condition. It further assumes no damage was done to the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular-Axis (HPTA) due to improper steroid use. While production will begin on its own, levels will not return to normal for several months. For this reason, the implementation of a Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) program is often recommended. This will greatly stimulate natural testosterone production, and ensure you have adequate amounts of testosterone for proper bodily function. It will not return you to normal on its own, this will still take several months, but it will speed up the process and ensure a much smoother recovery.

[5] Hepatotoxicity:

Halotestin is a C17-alpha alkylated (C17-aa) anabolic steroid, which refers to the structural change at the 17^th carbon position. Specifically, this refers to the added methyl group at the 17^th carbon position that protects the hormone through oral ingestion. While necessary to the hormone’s survival, unfortunately it causes it to carry a toxic nature. Of all oral C17-aa anabolic steroids, Halotestin carries one of the strongest hepatotoxic natures of all. Liver enzyme values will increase with the use of this steroid, and more than likely substantially. Increased liver enzyme values does not equate to damage but is an indicator of stress and can be a strong indicator of damage to come.

If Halotestin is to be used, the liver must be healthy to begin with. Further, the individual must make an effort to reduce and limit the total amount of stress to the liver. In order to limit stress, Halo should not be used for more than 4 weeks, with many finding 2 weeks of use to be all that’s needed, such as the 2 weeks leading up to competition. The individual should also incorporate the use of a liver detoxifier supplement when using this steroid; in fact, it should not be used without such a protectant. All who use Halotestin are further encouraged to avoid excess alcohol consumption due to the tremendous stress this causes the liver. Avoiding all alcohol consumption will be the safest path to follow. The final note on stress reduction is limiting the use of over the counter (OTC) medications. Many OTC medications are very hepatotoxic, and in some cases, more so than many anabolic steroids. The use of OTC medications should be limited to when only absolutely necessary.

Halotestin Administration:

For the purpose of performance enhancement, Halotestin doses can range from 10-40mg per day. 10mg per day will produce noticeable results, but most will find 20mg per day to be a more beneficial dose that is controllable with proper use by a healthy adult male. If such a dose is tolerated well and more is wanted later on, 40mg per day can be attempted. However, such a dose will greatly enhance the probability of negative effects and may be overkill for some men. Regardless of the dose, 2-4 weeks of use is all that can be recommended. Further, regardless of the dose, like most oral anabolic steroids Halo should be taken on an empty stomach. Taking it with food may decrease its bioavailability.

Halotestin can also be taken to treat androgen issues and is normally given at a dose of 20mg per day. This dose is normally adjusted downward after short-term initial therapy has past. The total dose will normally rest in the 5-20mg per day range based on the individual’s needs. Such use can at times be long-term; however, a very sharp and constant eye on cardiovascular and liver health will be implemented. Such treatment is somewhat rare in the modern age, but can be beneficial for some men.

Anavar represents one of the most popular oral anabolic steroids of all time, and this is largely due to its well-tolerated nature. This is one of the few anabolic steroids that can be used safely by men and women, and it’s also one of the most side effect friendly. However, in some circles Anavar is greatly underappreciated due to its mild nature, but this is generally due to unrealistic expectations. Many tend to assume all anabolic steroids should yield a set of specific effects at a specific rate of power, but reality tells us varying steroids carry varying results and purposes. Anavar is without question an extremely beneficial anabolic steroid, but in order to appreciate its benefits we must understand it.

Anavar is the popular brand name associated with the dihydrotestosterone derived anabolic steroid Oxandrolone. The Oxandrolone hormone was first released in the early 1960’s under the trade name Anavar by G.D Searle & co. and was touted as carrying numerous therapeutic qualities. However, in 1989 Searle would discontinue the compound; this was largely due to FDA pressure that had tightened its grip on the anabolic steroid market. An important note; Searle also owned the licensing rights to the majority of Oxandrolone products on the global market, which would lead to this steroid nearly disappearing at this time. In 1995 the Oxandrolone hormone would reappear thanks to Bio-Technology General CORP (BTG), now Savient, under the trade name Oxandrin. BTG would hold a monopoly on the product during this time driving its cost through the roof. Thankfully, a few U.S. based pharmacies such as Watson would begin manufacturing generic Oxandrolone in recent years driving the cost down. However, it remains one of the more expensive anabolic steroids on the market, including when purchased from most underground labs. An important note for future purchase; while Anavar remains the common associated name for the Oxandrolone hormone, the Anavar name itself is not used by any human grade pharmaceutical company that manufactures Oxandrolone

Anavar Functions & Traits:

Anavar or Oxandrolone is specifically a dihydrotestosterone (DHT) hormone that has been structurally altered. It is DHT with an added oxygen atom replacing the carbon-2 in the A-ring. This alteration greatly increases the hormone’s anabolic activity, as well as prevents it from being metabolically broken down. Anavar also possesses a second alteration at the 17^th carbon position by the addition of a methyl group that allows the hormone to be ingested orally officially classifying Anavar as a C17-aa anabolic steroid.

As a therapeutic agent, Anavar has proven to be effective for numerous treatment plans. The most common reason the steroid is prescribed is for the purpose of weight gain necessitated due to surgery or infection or any type of severe weight loss. Anavar has also been proven to be extremely effective for treating over or prolonged exposure to corticosteroids, as well as for treating osteoporosis by the promotion of bone density. However, such uses are rare in the U.S. currently due to strict laws despite this steroid’s tremendously successful and positive track record. Anavar has also proven to be effective for treating hepatitis, as well as promoting growth and development in children who lack the necessary hormone production.

Anavar is also a very popular anabolic steroid among performance enhancing athletes. By looking at its therapeutic benefits, we should already have an understanding or appreciation as to what such benefits might be. While mild on its surface, Anavar carries a massive anabolic that is 3-6 times stronger than testosterone. Anavar’s anabolic rating is 322-630, while testosterone, a powerfully anabolic hormone carries a rating of 100. This would insinuate the muscle building properties of this steroid are tremendous; however, the rating does not translate into real life action quite like you might think. For the off-season male athlete, this will not be what we’d consider a premier bulking steroid; in fact, we’d call it weak for this purpose. But, its anabolic power will translate tremendously in a cutting cycle, or for the purpose of direct athletic enhancement. We will also find that the androgenicity of this hormone is rather low, making one of the friendliest steroids for female use.

When looking at the direct functions and traits of Anavar, the most important revolve around its ability to increase nitrogen retention in the muscle, decrease SHBG and inhibit glucocorticoid hormones. The increase in nitrogen retention will promote the anabolic atmosphere as reduced levels often lead to a catabolic state. The decrease in SHBG will yield a higher level of free testosterone in the body, not only providing more of an anabolic punch but promoting a free or unbound state of all circulating anabolic steroids. In simple terms, this makes the steroids being used more effective. As for the inhibition of glucocorticoid hormones, these are muscle wasting hormones; cortisol being the most well-known. Such hormones promote fat gain, as well as destroy lean muscle tissue. Anavar is also well-known for promoting increases in red blood cell count, which will enhance muscular endurance. Some studies have even shown this steroid has the ability to promote enhanced cardiovascular endurance. Last but not least, Anavar is one of the only true fat burning steroids. Most all anabolic steroids will enhance the metabolic rate, which will promote fat loss, but Anavar has been shown to directly promote lipolysis. Many attribute this to its ability to firmly bind to the androgen receptor, as well as in its ability to reduce thyroid-binding globulin, as well as increase thyroxine-binding prealbumin. This action results in the triiodothyronine hormone or T3 hormone being utilized to a higher degree. The fat burning results of Anavar are not entirely conclusive; there have been a few studies that produced alternate results as it pertains to fat loss. However, most data strongly supports the Oxandrolone hormone being a strong promoter of lipolysis.

Effects of Anavar:

[1] Muscle Growth

Bulking/Off-Season: As the Oxandrolone hormone does not aromatize, any weight gained due to use will be lean muscle mass. Water retention is impossible due to the use of this steroid. However, massive gains often associated with steroid bulking cycles should not be expected with this steroid, it simply isn’t cut out for it. The individual should be able to gain some solid lean tissue and many report Anavar gains are easier to hold onto. But it won’t provide gains similar to well-known mass agents like Anadrol, Dianabol, Nandrolone or Testosterone. Some may find despite moderate gains that is all they want.

While Anavar is not the best off-season bulking steroid for men, when it comes to female use we must make an exception. Women are far more sensitive to Anavar than men, and it can be a very effective off-season agent. Further, most women are not looking for gains in size anywhere near male levels; often a slight increase in muscularity can be transforming.

Regardless of sex, all who use Anavar for off-season mass gaining phases will appreciate its metabolic enhancing traits. Those who supplement with the Oxandrolone hormone will find they gain less off-season body fat than they would have otherwise. Due to the increased levels of free testosterone, individuals will also find other steroids being used to be more potent. It may not be by a lot, but every last bit helps.

[2] Cutting

Fat Loss: Without question, male or female one of the best times to supplement with Anavar will be during the cutting phase. This will also be the most common purpose of use as the vast majority who use anabolic steroids participate in no competitive sports taking them out of the athletic enhancement category in an official sense. Due to its powerful anabolic nature, Anavar is one of the best steroids on earth for preserving lean tissue during the dieting phase. In order to lose body fat, we must burn more calories than we consume. The key to successful dieting is losing the desired fat while maintaining as much lean tissue as possible; however, muscle loss will occur. It does not matter how well-planned your diet is, some muscle loss will occur if a powerful anabolic agent is not present. Anavar is the agent you need due to the facts discussed above regarding its effects.

Those who supplement with Anavar during the cutting phase will also burn fat at a more efficient rate. Regardless of how powerful the direct lipolysis trait is or isn’t, the metabolic rate will still be greatly enhanced. Once lean, the individual will also find he appears harder and more defined. This is often accompanied by enhanced vascularity, and an overall tighter look.

[3] Athletic Enhancement:

Anavar is greatly appreciated by many athletes for a few specific reasons. This steroid will increase strength; the total increase will not be as significant as steroids like Dianabol and nowhere near the level of Halotestin, but it will be notable. Strength is one of the primary factors of successful athleticism as it translates into speed and power. Athletes also appreciate Anavar due to the fact that it won’t produce a large buildup in mass. In some cases, added mass might be a hindrance depending on the sport, and in other cases, it will bring about prying eyes that no athlete wants on them. When we further consider this steroid cannot lead to water retention, a possible burden to many athletes, Anavar rest as one of the top athletic choices.

[4] Enhanced Performance

Priority: Regardless of the purpose of use, all those who supplement with Anavar will find their rate of recovery is enhanced, as well as their muscular endurance. The individual will not tire out as fast, and he will be able to push longer and harder. This does not mean we should increase the duration of our training sessions, which may or may not be the case depending on the situation. However, we will make better use of each training session, we will make better use of our time on the field and all in all more quality work will be done.

Side Effects of Anavar:

Unlike another popular dihydrotestosterone derived anabolic steroid in Anadrol, Anavar is what we’d call a rather side effect friendly anabolic steroid. Side effects are certainly possible, but for the healthy adult they can be minimized. In fact, with responsible use, many will find they experience no negative effects at all. In order to understand the side effects of Anavar, we have broken them down into their separate categories with all the related information you’ll need.

[1] Estrogenic

The Oxandrolone hormone does not carry any estrogenic related side effects. It does not aromatize and cannot lead to gynecomastia or water retention due to increases in estrogen levels. It further carries no progestin related activity, which again supports no estrogenic related side effects. Due to water retention being impossible with this steroid, this will decrease the risk of high blood pressure. Excess water retention can promote high blood pressure. Some steroids that do not aromatize can lead to high blood pressure, such as Trenbolone, but Anavar is rarely associated with this trait.

[2] Androgenic

Oxandrolone is not an extremely potent androgenic steroid, but androgenic activity does exist. Such activity can lead to acne, accelerated hair loss in those predisposed to male pattern baldness and body hair growth. However, most will not have an issue with these effects as the total androgenic nature remains very low. An important note; 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are often used to combat androgenic side effects brought on by the use of anabolic steroids. However, this will not have a strong affect when using Anavar as the Oxandrolone hormone is not affected by the 5-alpha reductase enzyme. The 5-alpha reductase enzyme is responsible for reducing testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, but Oxandrolone is already dihydrotestosterone.

The androgenic nature, although slight, can also promote virilization symptoms in women. Virilization symptoms include body hair growth, a deepening of the vocal chords and clitoral enlargement. Thankfully the virilization rating of Anavar is extremely low; most women can supplement without falling to such effects as long as they supplement responsibly. There will always be the issue of individual response to contend with, but the Oxandrolone hormone continues to represent the safest anabolic steroid for female use. If virilization symptoms do occur for any reason, you are encouraged to discontinue use immediately and they will fade away. If the symptoms are ignored, they may become permanent.

[3] Cardiovascular

Of the possible side effects of Anavar the most concerning will surround cholesterol. The Oxandrolone hormone is well-known for suppressing HDL cholesterol, as well as increasing LDL cholesterol. Standard male therapeutic doses can suppress HDL cholesterol by as much as 30% with performance doses suppressing HDL by as much as 50%. Performance doses may also increase LDL cholesterol by as much as 30%. Due to the potential negative affect Oxandrolone can have on cholesterol you should not supplement with this steroid if you suffer from any cholesterol issues. If you are healthy enough for use, maintaining a healthy lifestyle will be imperative. This should include a cholesterol friendly diet rich in omega fatty acids, as well as plenty of cardiovascular activity. All who supplement with Anavar are encouraged to limit saturated fats and simple sugars, consider a cholesterol antioxidant supplement and to keep a close eye on their levels.

Sildenafil, commonly known by the trade name Viagra is an oral medication used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Pfizer commercially released Viagra in 1996 officially making it the first drug ever approved by the FDA for the treatment of ED. Since its inception many other brands of Sildenafil have come to the market place taking the once held monopoly away from Pfizer as well as several other ED medications composed of different drugs, Cialis (Tadalafil) being the most notable and largest competition for Viagra.

Viagra Functions and Traits

The function of Viagra is relatively simple – it relaxes the muscle and increases the blood flow to the penis. An erection is nothing more than blood flow to the penis. When blood flow is weak so is the erection. If we increase blood flow we increase the strength of the erection and the ability to maintain it.

The specifics of action involve the binding of nitric oxide to the guanylate cyclase receptors, which increases cGMP levels. This produces a smooth muscle relaxation, which in turn opens the pathway for increased blood flow. Viagra belongs to the class of drugs known as cGMP Specific Phosphodiesterase type 5 or PED5.

Important note: Viagra as well as other PED5 medications cannot cause or promote an erection without sexual stimulation. They do not have an effect on libido. The subject must be sexually aroused to obtain an erection. In the case of Viagra the problem for the subject is that the desire is there but the erection is not found. Viagra should reverse this issue if blood flow is the cause.

Effects of Viagra

The effects of Viagra are once again simple: the individual does not have the ability to produce or maintain an erection and Viagra provides the ability. However, it cannot be stressed enough that this only pertains to those with blood flow issues. If the ED issue is based on a hormone deficiency the use of Viagra or any PED5 may not help. In other cases, it may require both the use of hormone therapy and PED5 medication. Some individuals may also find the issue is psychologically related. Mental related ED is not uncommon and is not a blood flow or hormone issue. Others may find their issue surrounds stress to the CNS or worse and at times without remedy due to testicular or penile damage.

Side Effects of Viagra

The side effects of Viagra, the most commonly reported is abnormal or blurred vision with approximately 2.5% of users experiencing this effect. If vision issues occur users are urged to discontinue and find alternative options. All possible side effects of Viagra include:

• Vision disturbances
• Loss of hearing (sudden) or ringing in the ears
• Nausea
• Sweating
• Edema (hands, ankles, feet)
• Shortness of Breath
• Light Headed
• Headache
• Stuffy Nose
• Back Pain
• Memory Loss

The side effects of Viagra do not appear to occur in most men. Another side effect of the PED5 may be an erection lasting longer than 4 hours, which may or may not be considered a good thing depending on your situation, but will more than likely call for professional attention.

Viagra Administration

Viagra is taken orally and is a blue diamond shape pill with Pfizer imprinted on one side and VGR XX on the other. It is available in numerous dosing strengths from 25mg, 50mg and 100mg per tablet. However, many compounding pharmacies also manufacture Sildenafil with their own dosing ranges.

Recommended use is to take Viagra 30-60 minutes before sexual activity for the best effect with the total effect of the pill lasting for 4 hours, approximately.

Anastrozole is an extremely powerful anti-estrogen officially belonging to the Aromatase Inhibitor (AI) family. Developed in the early 1990’s by Zenaca Pharmaceuticals and released in 1995 under the trade name Arimidex, this is perhaps the most commonly used AI and one of the most common anti-estrogens on the market. Arimidex has proven to be very effective in breast cancer treatment, even more so than traditional Nolvadex (Tamoxifen Citrate), and is a favorite anti-estrogen among many anabolic steroid users. Countless anabolic steroid users rely on Arimidex for on cycle estrogenic protection. Many anabolic steroids have the ability to aromatase and lead to excess estrogen, which in turn can lead to some of the most commonly associated side effects of anabolic steroid use.

Arimidex Functions & Traits:

The functions and traits of Arimidex although powerful are extremely simple. As an AI Arimidex functions by blocking the aromatase enzyme, which is in turn responsible for the production of estrogen. By inhibiting the aromatase process, Arimidex will lower the body’s serum estrogen levels; in fact, a total suppression of estrogen by 80% has been well noted with this AI. This will prove very beneficial to numerous breast cancer patients and extremely valuable to many anabolic steroid users.

Arimidex also has the ability to stimulate the release of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), two hormones essential to natural testosterone production. This has led some physicians to use the AI in low testosterone treatment plans in place of testosterone, but it’s generally not the best choice. Arimidex in a low testosterone plan is generally better served in conjunction with testosterone therapy. We will look more into this when we discuss the effects of Arimidex later on.

Effects of Arimidex:

As an anti-estrogen, Arimidex is valuable to the breast cancer patient as many forms of breast cancer feed off of the estrogen hormone. While perhaps an oversimplification, by administering Arimidex the effect starves the cancer. For decades Nolvadex was used for this purpose. Nolvadex has the ability to bind to the estrogen receptors, which in turn prevents estrogen from binding. However, AI’s like Arimidex actively inhibit the production of estrogen and reduce the actual amount of circulating hormone. In short, there is no estrogen available to cause damage to the breast cancer patient. In recent years, Arimidex has become the leading anti-estrogen in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, especially among post-menopausal women. Once the cancer has subsided, it is not uncommon for Nolvadex to be introduced in order to keep the cancer at bay.

For the anabolic steroid user, the effects of Arimidex are greatly appreciated in its ability to protect against estrogenic related side effects. Many anabolic steroids have the ability to promote estrogenic side effects due to the testosterone hormone’s interaction with the aromatase enzyme. As aromatization occurs, estrogen levels rise and this can lead to gynecomastia and excess water retention. When excess water retention becomes severe, this can also promote high blood pressure. Not all anabolic steroids aromatize, and as such, not all can lead to estrogenic related effects. However, many common steroids do carry the ability to promote estrogenic activity including Dianabol, all forms of Nandrolone and Boldenone to a degree and of course, all forms of testosterone heavily.

By including Arimidex in an anabolic steroid cycle that contains aromatizing steroids, the individual can protect against gynecomastia and water retention. This will also protect against high blood pressure. Some steroids can still cause high blood pressure without water retention, but heavy excess water retention is the number one culprit of high blood pressure among anabolic steroid users. Without question, AI’s like Arimidex are the most effective anti-estrogens for combating estrogenic related side effects. SERM’s like Nolvadex can also be useful and while not as effective should be the first choice when possible. Arimidex has the ability to negatively affect cholesterol as we will see in the side effects section. However, we will also find cholesterol issues can be avoided.

As a testosterone stimulating compound, Arimidex can be appealing for low testosterone treatment plans and for Post Cycle Therapy (PCT) for anabolic steroid users. In the case of low testosterone treatment, it’s often not enough. However, it can still be beneficial in conjunction with exogenous testosterone therapy in protecting against estrogenic side effects. As for PCT use, some will attempt it and it can have a positive effect, but it is generally not recommended. The main purpose of a PCT plan is to stimulate natural testosterone production in order to protect lean muscle tissue, keep body fat under control and promote a better state of health. However, the overall purpose is normalization, which cannot be reached when using Arimidex post cycle due to the tremendous estrogen reduction. Although high levels of estrogen can be problematic, some is necessary to proper bodily function, especially regarding the immune system and cardiovascular health. For the anabolic steroid user, AI’s should be saved for on cycle use with SERM’s being used for PCT.

Side Effects of Arimidex:

Arimidex carries with it several possible side effects. Many of the side effects of Arimidex will be response related. Response side effects are common with all medications; some of us can take Aspirin while others can’t. The side effects of Arimidex will also vary depending on anabolic steroid use in a few specific areas. Those who are using Arimidex without anabolic steroids often report weakness and fatigue; in fact, this may be the most common side effect of Arimidex. Most anabolic steroid users will not have this issue with low dose Arimidex use. However, we can make an exception when it is used in hard cutting or competition cycles when calories are very low and training often extremely intense. Other possible side effects of Arimidex use include:

• Headache
• Hot Flashes
• High Blood Pressure
• Joint Pain
• Depression (rare)
• Nausea and or Vomiting (rare)

Arimidex studies have also shown that the AI may have the ability to decrease bone mineral content, which in turn could make the individual more susceptible to osteoporosis. This shouldn’t be a big issue for anabolic steroid users as many anabolic steroids have the ability to promote bone mineral content. As for the primary six possible side effects of Arimidex listed above, while possible most adults should be able to use the AI without any related issues, but keep in mind such issues are possible. We all respond to varying medications differently, we even respond to varying foods differently, which can make total response on an individual basis impossible to fully predict.

The final issue revolving around the side effects of Arimidex surrounds cholesterol. Arimidex does have the ability to negatively effect cholesterol levels, but alone it doesn’t appear to be significant in most cases. However, when conjoined with anabolic steroid use, specifically an aromatizing steroid like testosterone it appears to be significant. For example, studies have shown that a moderate dose of Testosterone Enanthate for 12 weeks does not appear to have a strong affect on cholesterol. However, when this same dose is coupled with an AI like Arimidex it can suppress HDL cholesterol by as much as 25%. In this case, we’re actually talking about therapeutic level doses as well as performance. True performance doses of testosterone will have a stronger impact on HDL cholesterol, and again around a 20%+ decrease in HDL when conjoined with an AI.

Due to the potential cholesterol issues brought on by Arimidex use by the anabolic steroid user, a healthy and cholesterol friendly lifestyle is extremely important. A healthy lifestyle should first and foremost surround your diet. Diets should be low and very limited in saturated fats and simple sugars. They should also be rich in omega fatty acids. Daily fish oil supplementation is advised. It’s also worthwhile to consider the use of a cholesterol antioxidant supplement. And as a final note, if cardiovascular health is to be protected the individual should always incorporate plenty of cardiovascular training into his routine. Daily cardiovascular activity is recommended.

Due to the possible cholesterol issues, moderate anabolic steroid cycles may be best served with SERM’s in order to protect against estrogenic related side effects. SERM’s will not negatively affect cholesterol; in fact, SERM’s like Nolvadex have been shown to promote healthy cholesterol levels due to their ability to act as estrogen in the liver. However, for many a SERM won’t be enough and AI’s will be necessary. If an AI is necessary, the individual should limit his use and only use as much as is actually needed. Some have suggested that a 10mg per day dosing of Nolvadex along with your Arimidex use may actually aid in cholesterol management.

Arimidex Administration:

In the treatment of breast cancer, Arimidex is almost always dosed at 1mg per day until the cancer subsides. Use may continue for a time at this stage and will often be switched to Nolvadex in a preventative measure once the cancer is in remission.

For the anabolic steroid user, Arimidex doses can vary with 0.5-1mg every other day being the most common. Very few should ever need more than 1mg every other day and many will be more than fine with half that amount. In therapeutic plans such as low testosterone treatment even less may be needed. We can, however, make an exception in Arimidex doses for competitive bodybuilders. Competitive bodybuilders may find a full 1mg every day the last 10-14 days leading up to competition to be useful. This will greatly aid in hardening, but it will be draining to say the least. Of course, at this stage of a competition diet most have very little energy to begin with anyway.